菜单 学习猿地 - LMONKEY

VIP

开通学习猿地VIP

尊享10项VIP特权 持续新增

知识通关挑战

打卡带练!告别无效练习

接私单赚外块

VIP优先接,累计金额超百万

学习猿地私房课免费学

大厂实战课仅对VIP开放

你的一对一导师

每月可免费咨询大牛30次

领取更多软件工程师实用特权

入驻
0
0

如何扩展Linux系统根分区

原创
05/13 14:22
阅读数 410

课程推荐:Linux开发工程师--学习猿地精品课程

导读为了完成此实验,请确保Linux系统有足够的磁盘空间,如果磁盘空间不足则需要添加磁盘。本文档扩展Linux系统根分区的方法是在虚拟环境下做的,在生产环境下同样适用。

环境:VMware虚拟机Red Hat 6.5

技术:逻辑卷管理(LVM)
file

具体步骤:

1.查看磁盘空间

[root@localhost ~]# df -h

#查看磁盘空间,根分区的大小是18G,已经用了43%。

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 18G 7.0G 9.5G 43% /

tmpfs 2.0G 76K 2.0G 1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 485M 40M 421M 9% /boot

/dev/sr0 3.6G 3.6G 0 100% /media/cdrom

2.创建磁盘分区

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00083529

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda2 64 2611 20458496 8e Linux LVM

#/dev/sdb盘还有足够的空间

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 18.8 GB, 18798870528 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2285 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xac7c929b.

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0xac7c929b

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1#分区号

First cylinder (1-2610, default 1): #回车用默认的

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610): #回车用默认的

Using default value 2610

Command (m for help): t #改变类型

Selected partition 1

Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e #LVM的分区代码

Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0xac7c929b

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 2610 20964793+ 8e Linux LVM

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

[root@localhost ~]# partprobe

#将磁盘分区表变化信息通知内核,请求操作系统重新加载分区表,有些小报错不要紧。

Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on /dev/sda (Device or resource busy). As a result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot.

Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on /dev/sdb (Device or resource busy). As a result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot.

Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.

Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.

Error: Invalid partition table - recursive partition on /dev/sr0.

3.创建物理卷

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00083529

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda2 64 2611 20458496 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0xac7c929b

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 2610 20964793+ 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 18.8 GB, 18798870528 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2285 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1

#由fdisk -l查到LVM卷是/dev/sdb1,所以用/dev/sdb1来创建物理卷。

Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created

4.扩展卷组

[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay

--- Physical volume ---

PV Name /dev/sda2

VG Name VolGroup

PV Size 19.51 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB

Allocatable yes (but full)

PE Size 4.00 MiB

Total PE 4994

Free PE 0

Allocated PE 4994

PV UUID qkBdcn-RQaR-ZliO-Ja2S-RhMC-stw8-CO213I

"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "19.99 GiB"

--- NEW Physical volume ---

PV Name /dev/sdb1

VG Name

PV Size 19.99 GiB

Allocatable NO

PE Size 0

Total PE 0

Free PE 0

Allocated PE 0

PV UUID H7tDqG-6AZv-yBSA-U0ov-Ni0y-dlPA-kAA83i

[root@localhost ~]# vgextend VolGroup /dev/sdb1

Volume group "VolGroup" successfully extended

You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root

[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay

--- Volume group ---

VG Name VolGroup

System ID

Format lvm2

Metadata Areas 2

Metadata Sequence No 4

VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 2

Open LV 2

Max PV 0

Cur PV 2

Act PV 2

VG Size 39.50 GiB

PE Size 4.00 MiB

Total PE 10112

Alloc PE / Size 4994 / 19.51 GiB

Free PE / Size 5118 / 19.99 GiB

VG UUID dc0vI9-KzGu-4S59-A1xv-NM4Y-rYBF-3jDNRn

5.扩展逻辑卷

[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -l +100%free /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root

#free也可以大写FREE

Extending logical volume lv_root to 37.50 GiB

Logical volume lv_root successfully resized

[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root

#查看分区文件系统类型

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: UUID="972fdddd-ddb8-469f-a342-e075eaeabeb2" TYPE="ext4"

[root@localhost ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root

#e2fsck -f检查分区

e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root is mounted.

e2fsck: Cannot continue, aborting.

[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root

#如果分区是xfs系统,则用xfs_growfs命令对文件系统进行扩展

resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem at /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required

old desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 3

Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root to 9830400 (4k) blocks.

The filesystem on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root is now 9830400 blocks long.

[root@localhost ~]# df -h

#查看磁盘空间,根分区已扩展到37G。

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 37G 7.0G 29G 20% /

tmpfs 2.0G 224K 2.0G 1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 485M 40M 421M 9% /boot

/dev/sr0 3.6G 3.6G 0 100% /media/cdrom

文章出自:https://www.itjlq.com/thread-149897-1-1.html

发表评论

0/200
0 点赞
0 评论
收藏
为你推荐 换一批